A+ Hardware test 44 answers

Test 44 Answers/Explanations
1. You would like help a friend set up a small peer-to-peer office network with 8 employees, using W98? Cost, reliability, and maintenance overhead are all concerns for the business owner. Which of the following protocols would provide transport services on the network with the least amount of overhead, and is reliable?
TCP offers the highest reliability and is a low overhead protocol.
NetBEUI is a low overhead and highly reliable protocol.
For the lowest overhead, and a high degree of reliability the SPX protocol is the most widely used.
The DLC protocol provides the highest degree of reliability with the lowest overhead.
Answer\Explanation
  • NetBEUI is a low overhead and highly reliable protocol.

    NetBEUI is a fast, reliable, low overhead, Transport layer protocol. The downfall to NetBEUI is that it is not routable, although it may be tunneled through a VPN with PPTP, or L2TP.
    SPX is a NetWare transport layer protocol that provides reliability.
    TCP is a transport layer protocol found in the TCP/IP suite that provides reliability.
    DLC is a transport protocol that is commonly used with mainframes and AS/400 computers.


    2. Which of the following layers within the IEEE 7 layer OSI model concerns itself with the operation of fi-ber optic LANs and MANs?
    802.3
    802.8
    802.6
    802.7
    None of the above.
    Answer\Explanation
  • 802.8 Fiber-Optic LANs and MANs.

    802.6 is responsible for MANs that utilize a dual fiber ring with a high speed bus. (FDDI)
    802.7 is responsible for Broadband.
    802.3 is responsible for Ethernet standards, CSMA/CD, and is the most common today.


    3. Your computer is running Windows 98 SE with a 80486 CPU and 128MB RAM, with a 500MB Seagate hard drive. You have purchased a 6 GB WDC (Western Digital Corp.) hard disk and completed the physical install. This will become the Master, and the older drive will be slaved on EIDE 0, with a 24X burner as the mas-ter on EIDE 1. The jumpers are set correctly but you are only able to recognize 504 MB. Which of the following BIOS upgrades was the first, and would allow you to utilize this complete drive without partitioning?
    CHS
    LBAD
    LBA
    ECHS
    Answer\Explanation
  • ECHS

    ECHS was the first enhancement that enabled the ability to see beyond the 504MB barrier, taking us to 8.4 GB.
    Beyond 8.4GB LBA (large block addressing) is required. In either case to see beyond the 1023rd cylinder (504 MB) BIOS INT 13 extensions have to be enabled in the BIOS. The question is tricky because it offers LBA as an option in the answer choices, but the question explic-itly requests the first BIOS upgrade.

  • CHS (Cylinder Head Sector) or normal mode has a maximum size of 528MB.
  • ECHS (Extended Head Sector) extends the size limitation to 8.4GB by using software Int13.
  • LBA (Large Block Addressing) is used on all drives above 528MB and takes us to 137GB.
  • When installing larger hard drives, the BIOS absolutely must support the larger drive or the drive must be partitioned.
    4. You have the need as an A+ technician to boot to a floppy disk to troubleshoot a Windows 98 machine. The system files have been transferred to the floppy and you are have just checked it on your laptop. After inserting the disk into the failed machine, you initiate reboot but the PC fails to boot to the floppy. Which of the following would be the most likely cause?
    The floppy drive is defective.
    The boot sequence in the BIOS is set to boot to the hard drive first.
    There is no partition on the hard drive.
    The boot floppy is formatted on FAT 16.
    Answer\Explanation
  • The boot sequence in the BIOS is set to boot to the hard drive first.

    Since the question states that we failed to boot to the floppy and does not give any indication that an error occurred, then the boot sequence is set to not boot to the floppy first.
    Furthermore the question states that the boot floppy was to be used to troubleshoot Windows 98, and did not state that the O/S has failed. (although it may be a possibility)
    If the hard drive is bootable then the machine will boot to it, if the CMOS settings have it set to be booted to before a floppy or CD-ROM.
    Not having a partition on the hard drive would produce an error, but that is not the case here.
    Floppy disks are formatted with FAT12, and this is done with the Fdisk utility or the operating system.
    Even if the hard disk had more than one partition defined it could boot to the active partition, but the question is seeking why the machine failed to boot to the floppy.


    5. Which of the following would represent the correct power connectors to the motherboard (planer board) if working with an XT or AT power supply? Choose that apply.
    P5
    P8
    P6
    P9
    P4
    Answer\Explanation
  • P8
  • P9

    The P8 and P9 are used on an AT power supply.
    The P8 and P9 connectors are connected to the motherboard with the black wires at the center, providing 12 and 5 volts the system board.
    AT Power supply voltages: ± 5VDC, ± 12 VDC (Volts Direct current)
    The two Motherboard power connectors for the AT power supply are labeled P8 & P9. It is important to remember to keep the Black ground wires on each connector next to each other when you plug it in. Al-though it may be difficult to plug in incorrectly it has been done, and if done, wala, there goes a mother-board and a CPU, up in smoke.
    ATX Power supply voltages: +3 VDC ± 5VDC, ±12 VDC (Volts Direct current)
    The ATX power supply uses a single, 20 pin, P1 connector.
    The ATX power supply also offers soft power, where the operating system is used for system shut down. If there is a need to shut down the PC with the power switch it is required to hold the power switch of for a period of 5 seconds.


    6. Which of the following statements are true in regards to the modem?
    The process of converting from digital to analog is referred to as demodulation.
    The process of converting from analog to digital is referred to as modulation.
    The process of converting from digital to analog is referred to as modulation.
    None of the above
    Answer\Explanation
  • The process of converting from digital to analog is referred to as modulation.

    The process of converting from analog to digital is referred to as demodulation.
    A modem is a modulator/demodulator that converts digital signals from the CPU into analog signals that can be transmitted via telephone wires and vice versa).
    We can see in the illustration at the right that demodulation is the conversion from analog to digital.
    Communication between modems is referred to as asynchronous communication. Data is broken down into 8 bit packets, and on occasion 7 bit packets. Often times these packets have a parity bit that is used for error detection. Furthermore each packet has a start and a stop bit to inform the receiving end that the packet has started and ended.


    7. Which of the following statements would be the most accurate in regards to the P4 and bus speeds? Select the best answer.
    The Pentium 4 utilizes the socket 478 and utilizes 8 data transfers per clock cycle on a 100 MHz bus.
    The Pentium 4 uses the socket 478 and utilizes 4 data transfers per clock cycle on a 100 MHz bus.
    WThe original Pentium 4 was designed for the socket 478 and uses quad pumping to take a 100 MHz bus and yield a bus speed of 400 MHz.
    The original Pentium 4 uses the socket 478 and utilized 4 data transfers per clock cycle on a 200 MHz bus.
    Answer\Explanation
  • The Pentium 4 uses the socket 478 and utilizes 4 data transfers per clock cycle on a 100 MHz bus.

    Essentially there are two generations for the P4:
    The first being offered in a 423 pin PGA package.
    The second generation doubling the initial cache size and residing in the socket 478.
    Quad pumping is the art of taking a bus speed and multiplying it by four, thus with the Pentium 4 tech-nology a 133 MHz bus could achieve 533 MHz on the front side bus.
    With the second generation Pentium 4, a 200 MHz bus could be quad pumped up to an 800 MHz front side bus.


    8. When a mouse is moved, how does it translate that movement to the cursor on the screen?
    Pulses of light
    Friction sensor
    Pressure sensor
    Analog pulses
    Answer/Explanation
  • Pulses of light

    A mouse has a small led (light emitting diode) inside that shines on a wheel with tiny holes. As the wheel inside turns, it alternately blocks and allows light to get through, effectively making the light "pulse". The computer counts these pulses to know how far to move the cursor.


    9. Which of the following would be indicative of ISDN BRI service?
    23B+1D
    2B+1D
    24B+1D
    3B+1D
    Answer\Explanation
  • 2B+1D

    64 Kbps per B channel (128 Kbps total) for data and the 16 Kbps D channel is used for signaling.
    23B + 1D would be for ISDN PRI service.
    24B + 1D is non existent. If this stated 24 DS0 channels then it would indicate a standard T1 line.
    3B + 1D is non existent.


    10. Which of the following statements would be the most accurate in relation to how SCSI IDs are prioritized when working with HVD SCSI-1 or SCSI-2?
    When working with HVD SCSI, ID 0 has the highest priority, and ID 15 has the lowest priority.
    When working with HVD SCSI, ID 15 has the highest priority, and ID 0 has the lowest priority.
    When working with HVD SCSI, ID 7 has the lowest priority, and ID 0 has the highest priority.
    When working with HVD SCSI, ID 8 has the lowest priority, and ID 0 has the highest priority.
    Answer\Explanation
  • When working with HVD SCSI, ID 15 has the highest priority, and ID 0 has the lowest priority.

    HVD SCSI is capable of managing 15 devices, therefore the HBA (Host bus adapter) will be assigned SCSI ID-15 for the highest priority, and the device numbering will be 1, then 2, then 3, etc.
    LVD (Low voltage differential) indicates that we can have a maximum of 8 devices which includes the HBA (Host Bus Adapter).
    Under these circumstances SCSI ID 7 will be given to the host bus adapter, as having the highest priority. The next device will be 1 then 2 and so on, which leaves SCSI ID-0 with the lowest priority.



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